Aaj hum is article me baat karenge processor ke baare me ki processor kya hai, or yeh kis tarah se kaam karta hai. Aaj zyadatar log smartphones ka use kar rahe hai, jisme processor ka use hota hai. Sabhi logo ne processor ka naam to suna hi hoga, lekin mostly logo ko iske baare me zyada knowledge nhi hoga. Aaj hum in sabhi ke baare me baat karnege ki processor kya hota hai or kaise kaam karta hai.
Processor ka use Computer, Mobile, Tablet, Laptop etc. me kiya jata hai. Computer processor ko CPU kaha jata hai. Ye computer ka dimaag hota hai. Jiska full form ‘Control Processing Unit’ hota hai. CPU saari activity ko control karta hai. Yeh saare instruction jise ye hardware or software se paata hai, usey ye handle karta hai. Dekha jaye to basically ye ek esa hardware hai, jo saare calculation ko bahut Jaldi karta hai. Jab ese kuch input milte hai, tab usey process karta hai or kuch calculation karne ke baad result deta hai.
Abhi humne jaana CPU ke baare mein. Chaliye processor ko or zyada ache tareeke se samajhte hai ki processor kya hai, or kaise kaam karta hai.
Processor ek chip ki tarah hota hai Ye sabhi Gadgets ka ek main part hota hai. Yeh Hardware or Software ke beech hone wali activity ko samjhta hai. Or jab tak computer hamari di hui command ko nhi samajh payega, tab tak computer par hum kaam nhi kar sakte hain. Isliye processor bohut hi important hota he.
Processor dikhne me ek square shaped device hai, jisme kayi saare mantellic, short or rounded connectors neeche ki taraf nikle hue hote hai, isey CPU ke socket me hi attach kiya jata hai. Bahut der chalne ke baad yeh thoda or zyada garam bhi ho jata hai, isiliye isme heat ko nikaalne ke liye ‘Heat Sink’ or ‘Fan’ iske upar lagaya jata hai. Yeh bahut hi nazuk si hoti hai. Jis vajah se ise bade hi dhyan se motherboard me lagaya jata hai. Processor chip kai prakaar ki hoti hai, jisme Intel ke processor i3, i5 or i7 kaafi jaane maane naam hai.
Processor basically teen kaam karta hai. 1st ye information leta hai. 2nd yeh ki us information par kuch operation karta hai. or 3rd, calculation ke baad result deta hai. Lekin isey in teeno process ko karne ke liye kuch key components ka use karna padta hai. Jaise ALU (Arithmetic and Logical Unit) binary me subtraction or addition karte hai. Iske sath ye kuch logical operation bhi karte hai. Jaise AND, NOT and OR, CPU ki madad ke liye control circuit data traffic ko CPU se slower Input/output devices ki taraf direct karte hai, taki traffic ka aadan or pradan ho sake. Memory Management Unit data ke flow ko monitor karta hai.
CPU me kuch saalo me kai saare Invention ho chuke hai. Aaj kal inke naam ke sath inki Architecture bhi badal gayi hai. Ab lagbhag do hi prakar ke Architecture wale processor ka use kiya jata hai, jaise 32Bit or 64Bit. In Architecture ki badolat hi processor ki speed or capabilities zyada badh gayi hai. Jaise AMD operation series or Intel Itanium, Xeon series wale processor ko server or High-end Station me istemal kiya jaata hai. Or agar baat ki jaye chote device ki jaise smartphones or tablets, to inme ARM processor ka istemal kiya jaata hai. Ye processor aam tour par chote hai. Inhe kam power ki jarurat hoti hai, isi vajah se kam heat paida karte hai or garam bhi kam hote hai.
Is Clock Speed ko clock rate processor bhi kaha jaata hai. Clock Speed us speed ko kaha jaata hai, jis speed se microprocessor har ek instruction ko execute karti hai. CPU ko ek fixed number of clock ticks ya cycles ki jarurat hoti hai, har ek instruction ko execute karne ke liye. Isliye jitni fast aapki clock rate hogi, utni hi faster aapke CPU ki speed hogi.
Clock Speed ko MHz me maapa jaata hai. 1MHz ka matlab hai ki 1million cycles per second. Ya fir GHz, 1GHz ka matlab hai 1thousand million cycles per second. RAM, Hard Disk Drive, Motherboard or number of process cores ke upar bhi speed depend karti hai.
Market me alag-alag brands ke processor available hai. jaise ki Intel or AMD, lekin ye sabhi CPU speed standard ko follow karte hai. Jisse ye pta chal sake ki konsa processor kitni speed se run karta hai.
Intel ne hi duniya ka sabse pehla Single-Chip Microprocessor 1971 me design krke diya tha. Isey Intel ke teen engineers Faderico Foggin, Ted Hoff or Stan Mazo ne invent kiya tha.
Us processor ka naam Intel 4004 Microprocessor tha. Us processor ko es tarah design kiya gaya tha, ki ek hi chip me saare processing function jaise CPU memory or Input or Output control ko rakha gya tha. Jisse ki computer ke design me kafi badlav hue. Inki kaam karne ki capacity badi hai Or inki size bhi kam ho gayi hai. Intel aaj ke dour me processor ki duniya ka badshah hai. Yeh company har variety ke processor banati hai, jarurat ke hisab se.
Processor ko kam karne ke liye kuch process se hokar guzarna padta hai, jo es prakaar hai :-
Fetch :- Fetch ka matlab hota hai, kisi cheej ko laana. Yahan par Processor Core Instructions ko retrieve karta hai, jo ki waiting me rehte hein kisi memory me. Upgrade modern Processor me usually vo saare instructions pehle se hi wait kar rahe hote hai processor Cache memory me. Processor me ek area hota hai jise Program Counter kaha jaata hai. Jo kisi bookmark ki tarah hi kaam karta hai. Jo ki processor ko ye baat batata hai ki kahan instruction khatam hue or kahan next wali shuru hui hai.
Decode :- ek baar instruction Fetch ho gayi tab next process aati hai usey decode karne ki. ek instruction me processor core ke kayi area hote hai, jaise arithmetic or jinhe processor core ko pehchanna padta hai. Sabhi part me kuch esa hi hota hai, jise hum ‘Opcode’ kehte hai. Jo processor ko batata hai ki kya karna hai or vo saari cheezein apne aap kar leta hai.
Execute :- Is step me processor ko pata hota hai, usey kya karna hai or vo actually usey execute karta hai. Yahan actually me kya hota hai, ye is baat par depend karta hai ki isme processor core ka kon sa part use me aata hai or isme kya information daala jaata hai. Example ke liye processor kisi arithmetic operation karne ke liye ALU ka use karta hai. Maana ki ye operation ALU ke andar hi hota hai, ye unit dusre input or output se juda hota hai. Taaki ye apne kaam ko aasani se kar sake or finally hamein hamara result sahi time par de sake.
Write-back :- Ye processor ki aakhri step hoti hai. Jo ki aakhir me, pehle kiye gaye work ke result ko memory me place karta hai. Yeh pata lagata hai ki aakhir me output gaya kaha hai. Ye depend karta hai ki us time kon si application run ho rahi hai. Par aam tour se processor ke register me hi hota hai. Kyoki iski jarurat bahut hi zyada hoti hai, to quick access ke liye isey yaha rakha jata hai.
Es poore process ko Instruction Cycle kaha jaata hai. jaise-jaise new invention ho rahe hai, vaise-vaise hi hamare paas or bhi behtar new processor aa rahe hai. Jo ki bahut hi jyada fast or powerful hai, jinse jaldi se jaldi result mil paate hai. Market me kayi saari companies processor bana rahi jinme Intel, AMD or IBM main hain, jo computer or gadgets ke liye processor ka nirman karti hai.
“To Dosto humne is article me jaana ki processor kya or kaise kam karta hai. Dosto aap apne sujhav or sawaal humein comment box mein likh kar zarur bhejein. Taaaki humein bhi aapke vicharo se kuch seekhne or kuch sudhaarne ka moka mil sake.”
Team. www.suggest2u.com
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Mr. Shadab Khan is the founder of the Hindi blog “suggest2u.com”. He is a professional blogger with interest in technology and internet related topics. If you want to get any information related to blogging or internet, then you can feel free to ask question in the comment box. Our aim is that you get the best information through the blog. You can also follow us on social media, so that you will be able to get daily technology and other information.
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